Image 01

W. Davd Phillips

Integrating Missional Thinking, Living, and Culture

Changing Culture: The Perils of Idealism

August 27th, 2010 by David Phillips

I am continuing to work through the book To Change the World: The Irony, Tragedy, and Possibility of Christianity in the Late Modern World by James Davidson Hunter.

One the face of it, there is significant merit to the emphasis on ideas, the individual and to personal piety. Filtered through the legacy of German idealism, however, problems occur. The image this perspective offers is of culture, somehow, free-floating in the ether of consciousness. Change consciousness and one changes culture. But are ideas, values, and worldviews singularly important to cultural change? Is rational consistency the best way to resist worldviews different from one’s own and the most effective way to persuade others?

Idealism misconstrues agency, implying the capacity to bring about influence where that capacity may not exist or where it may only be weak. Idealism underplays the importance of history and historical forces and its interaction with culture as it is lived and experienced. In addition, idealism ignores the way culture is generated, coordinated, and organized. Therefore, it underrates how difficult it is to penetrate culture and influence its direction. As well, idealism mistakenly imputes a logic and rationality to culture where such linearity and reasonableness does not exist but rather contingency and accident. It communicates the message that if people just pay attention, learn better, be more consistent, they will understand better the challenges in our world today. If they have the right values, believe the right things, embrace the right worldview, they will be better equipped to engage those challenges. If they have the courage to actually jump in the fray and there choose more wisely and act more decisively, they will rise to and overcome those challenges and change the world.

Read the rest of this entry »

The Benefit of Pain

August 26th, 2010 by David Phillips

I set out to accomplish a simple task: rotate my tires. They needed it, and I can do those kinds of things. In fact, I enjoy doing those things. My dad is a mechanic and I grew up rebuilding engines, and changing oil, and bleeding brakes. There were even some jobs he would let me do on my own for others, which I really enjoyed and for which I got paid. My first car was a repo we bought from the bank. My dad and I changed out the old diesel engine, bought an engine & transmission from the junk yard, and rebuilt it. I miss the way that carburetor would open up when I pressed it to the floor!

On this day, however, I ended up hurting my back. I thought it was just a muscle strain, but as the week went on it got worse. Finally, one night I was on the floor and I rolled onto my back, feeling a lump on the lower right side of my spine. This, combined with the top of my right foot feeling asleep, got me nervous. So off to the emergency room we went. It was a case of sciatica.

However, sciatica is a symptom of something else. An MRI showed that I have a bulging disc pressing against the sciatic nerve which is causing pain down my entire leg and into my foot.

While the vicodin helps dull the pain slightly, pain has been part of my body for at least a month now. So in the mindset of never letting a crisis go to waste, I began thinking about the value of pain. Pain is a useful part of the human body. It sends us messages about our body. We don’t like pain, but pain has a role in our lives and one that we need to consider.

Pain lets us know something is wrong.
I have had this pain in my foot for several years. It randomly wakes me up at night, throbbing and burning and tingling for between 1 to 3 hours. Then it will go away. It might happen at 11 pm, 2 am, or 4 am. It doesn’t care that I might have to get up early or that I really needed some sleep or that I had just fallen asleep. Late last year, when I finally decided I couldn’t live with the pain any more, I went to the doctor. I’ve had all kinds of tests, blood work, and name-brand medication prescribed to me, and this pain shall not be deterred. I set out on a new exercise routine about 8 weeks ago, and I discovered the more I exercised, the less this pain attacked me. However, my back was hurting more and more and a pain returned down the right leg. And then I decided to rotate my tires.

Pain, lets us know that the body is not functioning properly. All pain is an indication that something is wrong either in the body or the mind. Many times our pain is a result of injury the body has received. I tore my ACL in my knee playing football. My father eliminated part of his index finger in a freak table saw incident. At other times, it’s caused by a virus or bacteria and we get sick at our stomachs.

Pain can also be a result of age or wear and tear on the body. Eventually, joints wear out and we can get arthritis. These days, trading that old, worn out knee or hip joint, for a shiny new metal one is fairly common. It reduces the pain or eliminates it altogether.

Some pain, however, is a result of emotional issues. There has been a whole science developed around the physiological affects of psychological issues called psychophysiology. While psychophysiology was a general broad field of research in the 1960s and 1970s, it has now become quite specialized, and has branced into subspecializations. For example, Social Psychophysiology, Cardiovascular Psychophysiology, Cognitive Psychophysiology, and Cognitive Neuroscience.

Psychologists are interested in why we may fear spiders and physiologists may be interested in the input/output system of the amygdala. A psychophysiologist will attempt to link the two. A psychophysiologist may look at how exposure to a stressful situation will produce a result in the cardiovascular system such as a change in heart rate, change in blood pressure, or a stroke. It is this perspective of studying the intersection of mind and body that makes psychophysiologists most distinct.

Stress can cause muscle tension, be a contributor to cancer, and result in weight gain, diarrhea, ulcers, insomnia, or narcolepsy. Broken emotions cause us to self-medicate in some way, often resulting in addictions that destroy the health of the body.

It is when we move past the symptoms that we can discover the source of our pain. It could be as simple as the MRI showing a bulging disc into the nerve tract that is causing pain. But it could be something more. It could be that the stress that reveals itself in the shoulder muscles is a result of an insecurity or emotional unhealthiness that results from fear.

When we have this pain, we can either ignore it or do something about it.

Q4U: What pain exists in your life? Are you willing to explore the emotional, spiritual, physical, and relational elements of your life to discover what is really at issue? You might find that Holy Rewired would be helpful in helping you uncover your feelings, thoughts, and actions.

What Hinders Christians from Changing the World?

August 26th, 2010 by David Phillips

I am continuing to work through the book To Change the World: The Irony, Tragedy, and Possibility of Christianity in the Late Modern World by James Davidson Hunter.

To share the Gospel is to share the gift of life; the making of disciples is foundational to the Christian faith. And peoples’ lives do change profoundly when they receive the gift of grace – their attitudes and behaviors are transformed and, in turn, they can and often do have a positive effect on those around them. In a similar vein, no one would deny that law, public policy, and politics are worthy vocations for Christians to pursue. The pursuit of justice and righteousness in these vocations can give glory to God and provide great service to many. Finally, social movements oriented toward moral reform have done enormous good in the past and still do in the present. But do they change the world? The answer is both yes and no; but mostly no. Cultures simply do not change in these ways, or at least no in the way people think they do.

In a previous post, I described how getting people to have the right the heart and mind, the right values and worldview, was the prevailing way to change culture. However, if culture were simply about hearts and minds, then the influence of various minorities – gays and Jews, for example – would be relatively insignificant. And Christians would have enormous influence in shaping law, public policy and social strategy. But this is not the case.

The advocates of the dominant strategies of cultural change all tend to agree, in effect, that the reason Christians do not have more influence in shaping the culture is that Christians are just not trying hard enough, acting decisively enough, or believing thoroughly or Christianly enough. The issue for them is that Christians need to be more committed. They need to embrace more fully the Christian worldview. The burden of responsibility and action resides with the individual Christian and it is up to them to be better and do more to change the world.

The problem is twofold. First, Christians just aren’t Christian enough. Christians don’t think with an adequate enough Christian worldview. They are fuzzy-minded. They do not pray enough, and they are lazy in their duties as believers. In the same way, there are not enough people who do fully embrace God’s call on their lives, praying, understanding, and working to change the world.

But is this it? Read the rest of this entry »